Aloe vera are extensively used to prepare the di?erent types of textile composite which are involved in the ?eld of wound healing, tissue engineering, medical textile, health care textiles, curative garments, cosmetotextiles, UV protective textiles, wearable electronic textiles and so on. Aloe vera is used in pre-treatment and printing due to its succulent enzymatic and gummy characteristics. Aloe gel also contains a salty substance that allows its use in natural, eco-friendly dyeing. application of Aloe vera to textiles for therapeutic purposes, for an anti-bacterial and for UV protection, in wet processing and manufacture of cosmetics, as well as in high technology industries. We also consider the use of Aloe vera in textiles for the capture of free radicals. Anti?microbial Efficacy of Aloe vera in Textile Manufacture, Anti-microbial textile materials play a vital and crucial role, not only in the health care and medical sectors but also in hotel administration, in homes and in other environments where hygiene is required. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes are always present in our environment. Microbes include a wide range of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses, which cause disease. New strains of bacteria and viruses always appear, making the disease more likely. Microorganisms are everywhere in hospitals, being emitted by sick people. In hospitals, surgical gowns and masks, surgical head ware and foot ware, surgical drapes, bed sheet, bedding, towels, and the clothing of all the people present in the hospital, can carry microorganisms, and thus spread disease. For all these situations, textiles with anti-microbial properties are needed. Massive proliferation of microbes was found on the untreated cotton surface. But a remarkable decline in S. aureus microbial adhesion was observed on the Aloe vera- treated cotton fabric. The Aloe vera gel contains active components that act as an e?ective bactericidal agent on the fabric and hinder the growth of S. aureus gram-positive bacteria. Microbes were visible on the untreated cotton surface. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric contained fewer microbes than untreated fabric. Aloe vera-treated cotton exhibited excellent anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Aloe vera treated cotton fabric shows more resistivity against microbes and no propagation was found in the sur-rounding treated fabric surface. It is assumed that Aloe vera bleeds di?erent components from the treated fabric which are responsible for inhibition and kills the microbes, Aloe anthraquinone was applied to the cotton fabric and its antibacterial e?cacy tested against E. coli and S. aureus. Antifungal e?cacy testing has also been carried out for C. albicans. The Aloe anthraquinone-modi?ed fabric showed better antibacterial properties than the untreated sample. Almost 91% of bacterial inhibition was found for treated fabric against both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Furthermore, fungi reduction was found up to 69% for C. albicans. C. albicans showed a lower inhibition rate than did E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. This is attributable to the cationic nature of Aloe anthraquinone, which adsorbs the anions of the bacterial cell wall and cracks the peptide polysaccharides quickly. On the other hand, the fungi cell wall is made of amylase, which is di?erent from the walls of bacteria Testing of the antimicrobial e?ciency of the untreated and Aloe vera-treated fabric was performed by a quantitative method. Di?erent solution concentrations, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5g/l of Aloe vera gel were applied to the fabric. The bacterial reduction rate of Aloe veras ?nished fabric varied with the concentration of Aloe vera. The reduction rates of bacteria colonies gradually increased with increasing the solution concentration. Fabric treated with 5g per litre of Aloe vera exhibited a high level of anti-microbial activity.5g/l Aloe vera treated cotton bleached fabric showed 15 and 17mm zone of inhibition against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) respectively by agar diffusion method. How-ever, Aloe vera treated fabric exhibited more than 70% of its initial antibacterial property even after 20 washing, some study shown that anti-bacterial Journal of Polymers and the Environment 1 3and anti-fungal activities of Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric. The bacterial and fungal reduction percentages of the treated fabric were found to be 75, 80 and 81%, against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. The acemannan, anthraquinone, and salicylic acid components of Aloe vera extract may be the basis for its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric showed a clear zone of inhibition against S. aureus bacteria, but no zone of inhibition was found in an untreated sample, combined application of Aloe vera and Neem extracts on cotton fabric showed excellent antimicrobial properties against E. coli and Aspergillus Niger, as compared to the application of either Aloe vera or Neem extracts alone. 40% Aloe vera gel concentration showed a higher zone of inhibition, of about 29 and 23mm, respectively, com-pared, to 20% gel treated fabric, at 19 and 17mm, respectively, against S. aureus and E. coli, Cosmetic Textiles (Cosmetotextiles), Textiles can possess skincare properties; they are called cosmetotextiles. Cosmetotextiles are textiles which contain carriers with active substances, these carriers, generally by polymeric nature release their active compounds when in contact with the human body. To obtain cosmetotextiles one strategy is to employ the microencapsulation technique. Microencapsulation can be used in the application of fragrances, skin softeners substances, phase-change materials (that help the thermoregulation of the body), anti-microbial agents and drug delivery systems among others A new terminology, so-called cosmetic textiles, has now opened up new target groups and sustainable markets in the textile industry. Cosmetic textiles, an industry that has grown along with consumer interest in wellness and well-being, currently includes a wide range of microencapsulated ingredients such as Aloe vera, vitamin E, retinol, and ca?eine, said to o?er moisturizing, ?rming, or slimming bene?ts. Cosmetic textiles indicate the functional textiles, especially garments, underwear which comes in direct contact with the skin through the process of microencapsulation. Cosmetic textiles currently o?ered on the market claim to be moisturizing, perfumed, cellulite reducing and body slimming, skin softeners sprayed, phase change agents, drug delivery system, antimicrobial agents, Upon contact with skin, skin-caring ?brous materials are designed to transfer an active substance for cosmetic purposes. The thought is accomplished by basically giving the bioactive agents into wearable textiles so that with the normal movement of the body, the skin is gradually supplemented and revived. Another important issue for cosmetic textiles is biological safety. The biological safety means, the cosmetic textiles did not release any toxic ingredients to the human skin, cosmetic textile agent containing Aloe vera for skin-caring bene?ts for the development of cosmetic textiles by microencapsulation technique. Cosmetic textile agent treated textile materials did not cause any deaths of cells in the cytotoxicity test, indicating that it was non-cytotoxic to the ?broblast cell line (NIH-3T3). In addition, formaldehyde content was not found in the cosmetic textiles. Hence, both the cosmetic textile agent and cosmetic textiles are believed biologically safe to consumers cosmetotextiles impregned with aloe vera microcapsules help to improving elasticity of the skin , slimming, improving fitness of the skin, moisturizing effect, Aloe vera Based Composite for Foods Packaging Active, bio-friendly and natural-based materials are one of the innovative concepts in the ?eld of research on packaging materials. The development of systems involving the employment of completely biodegradable polymers and natural bioactive components is currently a major challenge for plastic processing plants and packaging manufacturers. Due to its antimicrobial components, such an active packaging material can be an e?ective way to protect food or other perishable products against accelerated biodegradation caused by the activity of microorganisms that colonize the product surface. Novel biodegradable composites based on starch modi?ed with chitosan, Aloe vera gel and glycerol as a plasticizer with reproducible properties were obtained. Films with Aloe vera gel gain increased resistance to microbial activity, which is bene?cial for packaging applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Such materials will be able to provide a longer shelf life or usability of packaged products; and as they are made of completely biodegradable materials, they do not pose a threat to the natural environment. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) of Aloe vera based ?lms showed a signi?cant increase with increasing Aloe vera content in the blend for all ?lms prepared. The edible ?lms produced had the desirable properties of a soft surface, clear, transparent, homogenous and are ?exible. Thus, the edible ?lm formed from Aloe vera with the incorporation of cinnamon oil met the essential requirements for application on fruits and vegetables. The ?ndings of this study are bene?cial to farmers, retailers, and consumers as the edible ?lms can replace the synthetic coatings that have raised many controversies on food safety. Edible ?lms composite prepared from Aloe vera gel, beeswax and chitosan. These ?lms exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower water vapor permeability. In addition, cost analysis of the ?lms proved them reasonable to be used as an alternate of synthetic packaging materials. Starch-based edible ?lms containing Aloe vera showed excellent antifungal properties with six fungi causing plant diseases and controlling the weight loss of tomatoes. This natural, biodegradable, nontoxic ?lm can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for preservation for fruits and vegetables. UV Resistivity of Aloe vera Treated Fabric, the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is higher than that of X-rays. The range of UV radiation is 41nm to 400nm with energy level from 3 to 124eV. The UV rays ranges are di?erentiated into three categories: UV-A (320 to 400nm); UV-B (290 to 320) nm; and UV-C (200 to 290) nm. UV-C rays are safe for human beings. UV-C rays do not reach the Earth because these rays are absorbed in the ozone layer of the atmosphere. UV-B rays are harmful to human skin, as these rays reach the Earth without absorption, but UV-A rays are more dangerous to human skin. the UV-protection properties of Aloe-anthraquinone-treated cotton fabric. The modi?ed Aloe-anthraquinone- treated cotton fabrics have been shown to have good anti-ultraviolet protection proper-ties and the UV transmittance value of modi?ed fabric is very low compared with that of the untreated sample. The Aloe-anthraquinone, ?xed on to the fabrics surface, might completely absorb UV radiation. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of Aloe-anthraquinone-modi?ed cotton fabric was approximately 57, but the UPF value of untreated cotton fabric was 14. Bleached cotton fabric was shown to have the greatest transmittance value. Note that the higher the UV transmittance value, the greater the health risk. The transmittance value of Aloe vera-treated fabric is lower than that of untreated cotton fabric. This indicates that the UV protection capacity of Aloe vera-treated fabric was greater than that of bleached cotton fabric. UV resistivity of Aloe vera treated fabric. The polyphenols of Aloe vera may help to block and absorb the UV rays. The UPF rating of Aloe vera treated fabric was eight times higher than that of untreated fabric. Improved UPF value was also found after treating the reactive dyed cotton fabric with Aloe vera. Aloe vera in Textile Wet Processing, A huge amount of inorganic chemicals are used in pretreatment-dyeing, printing and ?nishing of textiles, to meet customer demand. However, the use of these chemicals produces a huge amount of e?uent. To protect the environment from this water pollution, researchers have been trying to use eco-friendly products like Aloe vera instead of inorganic chemicals for these purposes. Aloe vera is suitable for such pretreatment because it contains a large number of enzymes, salt and gummy substances which are essential for textile wet processing. A bio scouring process of single jersey knitted fabric with a lipase enzyme extracted from the Aloe vera plant. The lipase enzyme was applied to 100% cotton knitted fabric at various concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) at various temperatures (40″C, 60″C and 70″C) for 30 min, 60 min and 90min. Bio-scoured fabrics, using the Aloe vera extract, showed better dye levels, better dye uptake, better light fastness, better wash fastness, and better-rubbing fastness for dark reactive colors than did conventionally scoured fabric. Bio-scouring reduced the volume of e?uent as well as COD, TDS and pH and saved a substantial amount of thermal energy (50%) and electrical energy (40%). Bio-scouring wastewater has 4050% less COD and 60% fewer TDS than conventional-scouring wastewater does, Desizing, Desizing process using Aloe vera gel instead of inorganic chemicals. Aloe gel contains many important enzymes and organic components like peroxidase, carboxypeptidase, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase. The aloe gel showed outstanding results for desizing with controlled temperature and ph. Firstly, the active enzyme of Aloe vera enters into the substrate and forms chemical bonds with the substrate. The enzyme acts as a catalyst and forms an unstable middle compound with the substrate, called an enzymesubstrate-complex by a lock and key mechanism. Later, the catalyst weakened the bonds between the substrate and the sizing materials. Consequently, the sizing ingredients were separated from the substrate. Dyeing, The natural dyeing processes. Aloe vera consists of salt, acid, enzymes, and many components that are essential to the dyeing process. During the dyeing process, Aloe vera gel was used instead of salt in a reactive dyeing process. The garment developed di?erent several depths of shade, according to the di?erent concentrations of Aloe gel used. In the dyeing bath, fabric treated with 100% Aloe gel developed an excellent depth of shade. But lower concentrations of Aloe vera gel showed more-dull shades. At 80% and 60% concentrations of Aloe vera in dyeing, the fabric showed a medium and dull depth of shade, respectively. These results can be explained by noting that a high concentration of Aloe vera contains more salt than dye does. This higher salt content increases the depth of color. However, using Aloe gel did not damage the wash fastness, tearing strength or drapability of the fabric. Aloe vera leaf also used as a natural dye and mordanting agent. The leaf can be easily applied to protein-cationic ?bers like silk and wool, due to their functional amino group in an acidic medium. Aloe vera leaves are not suitable for dyeing of cotton ?bre, however, because cotton contains an anionic group. Printing, Aloe vera gel is used in the printing process as a thickener in the reactive and pigment-printing process. Water-soluble Aloe vera gel is one of the cheaper sources of natural thickener, which contains polysaccharide and poly-mannose. Due to the thickening nature of the polysaccharide, Aloe vera gel has been used as a thickener recently. In the concentration of 3040% Aloe gel and 2% binder, used in printing as a thickener, the gel showed excellent results. When Aloe gel and synthetic thickener were applied to fabric for printing, the gel showed similar results to the synthetic in wash fastness and colorfastness. Using Aloe vera gel as a printing paste is easy to prepare and preserve. Aloe gel is eco-friendly, economically cheap (as it is found everywhere) and easy to cultivate. When Aloe vera was applied to fabric, the fabric showed low viscosity and poor sharpness. On the other hand, when the Aloe vera gel was combined with sodium alginate, containing a 50% concentration of gel and chemical, the treated fabric showed high viscosity and high sharpness evaluated the printing of cotton fabric with reactive dye using Aloe vera gel as the printing thickener. They applied Aloe gel as a thickener on cotton fabric and got excellent wash fastness and lightfastness. Effect of Aloe vera Treatment on Physical Properties of Textiles, When Aloe vera is applied to the fabric to develop its anti-microbial, antioxidant and wound healing properties, physical properties like crease recovery angle, bending length, drape co-e?cient and strength also change. The Aloe vera ?nished fabric had a higher crease recovery angle (CRA), a higher bending length and a lower whiteness index, com-pared to untreated fabric. The Aloe vera-treated fabric also loses its tensile strength, measured at only 44%. Bending length of Aloe vera treated fabric decreases as does sti?-ness but softness increases. Also, the coe?cient of static and dynamic ?ction increases even though the whiteness index slightly decreases. The Aloe anthraquinone modified fabrics showed improved wrinkle recovery angle, although breaking strength slightly decreased. The moisture adsorption of fabrics was almost unchanged compared to the control sample, the physical properties of Aloe vera treated textiles. They found that the white-ness index, air permeability and tensile strength decreased but water vapor permeability and crease recovery angle increased, respectively. Meanwhile, the Aloe vera treatment did not show any detrimental e?ect on the abrasion resistance of ?nished fabric but thermal conductivity decreased slightly. After treatment of cotton fabric by Aloe vera, crease recovery and abrasion resistance increased, but moisture regain, breaking strength and ?exural rigidity decreased when compared to control fabric. The drape co-e?cient of Aloe vera treated printed fabric decreased and the fabric became softer. The air resistance of Aloe vera-treated fabric was increased when compared to the control cotton fabric. The decrease in air permeability was possibly due to the impregnation of cotton fabric with microcapsules. The coated microcapsules would ?ll the gap between yarns. As a result, air?ow did not pass easily through the fabric. Also, the treatment decreased the whiteness value of the fabric by about 4%. Silk is a natural protein ?bre, which is the main source of microorganisms. Silk fabric is very soft, and its appearance is also excellent. But, in damp weather, silk is attacked by microbes. To protect the fabric from microbes, Aloe vera treatment is essential. However, such treatment produced a 3040% loss in strength. Aloe vera are extensively used to prepare the di?erent types of textile composite which are involved in the ?eld of wound healing, tissue engineering, medical textile, health care textiles, curative garments, cosmetotextiles, UV protective textiles, wearable electronic textiles and so on. Aloe vera is used in pre-treatment and printing due to its succulent enzymatic and gummy characteristics. Aloe gel also contains a salty substance that allows its use in natural, eco-friendly dyeing. application of Aloe vera to textiles for therapeutic purposes, for an anti-bacterial and for UV protection, in wet processing and manufacture of cosmetics, as well as in high technology industries. We also consider the use of Aloe vera in textiles for the capture of free radicals. Anti?microbial Efficacy of Aloe vera in Textile Manufacture, Anti-microbial textile materials play a vital and crucial role, not only in the health care and medical sectors but also in hotel administration, in homes and in other environments where hygiene is required. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes are always present in our environment. Microbes include a wide range of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses, which cause disease. New strains of bacteria and viruses always appear, making the disease more likely. Microorganisms are everywhere in hospitals, being emitted by sick people. In hospitals, surgical gowns and masks, surgical head ware and foot ware, surgical drapes, bed sheet, bedding, towels, and the clothing of all the people present in the hospital, can carry microorganisms, and thus spread disease. For all these situations, textiles with anti-microbial properties are needed. Massive proliferation of microbes was found on the untreated cotton surface. But a remarkable decline in S. aureus microbial adhesion was observed on the Aloe vera- treated cotton fabric. The Aloe vera gel contains active components that act as an e?ective bactericidal agent on the fabric and hinder the growth of S. aureus gram-positive bacteria. Microbes were visible on the untreated cotton surface. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric contained fewer microbes than untreated fabric. Aloe vera-treated cotton exhibited excellent anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Aloe vera treated cotton fabric shows more resistivity against microbes and no propagation was found in the sur-rounding treated fabric surface. It is assumed that Aloe vera bleeds di?erent components from the treated fabric which are responsible for inhibition and kills the microbes, Aloe anthraquinone was applied to the cotton fabric and its antibacterial e?cacy tested against E. coli and S. aureus. Antifungal e?cacy testing has also been carried out for C. albicans. The Aloe anthraquinone-modi?ed fabric showed better antibacterial properties than the untreated sample. Almost 91% of bacterial inhibition was found for treated fabric against both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Furthermore, fungi reduction was found up to 69% for C. albicans. C. albicans showed a lower inhibition rate than did E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. This is attributable to the cationic nature of Aloe anthraquinone, which adsorbs the anions of the bacterial cell wall and cracks the peptide polysaccharides quickly. On the other hand, the fungi cell wall is made of amylase, which is di?erent from the walls of bacteria Testing of the antimicrobial e?ciency of the untreated and Aloe vera-treated fabric was performed by a quantitative method. Di?erent solution concentrations, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5g/l of Aloe vera gel were applied to the fabric. The bacterial reduction rate of Aloe veras ?nished fabric varied with the concentration of Aloe vera. The reduction rates of bacteria colonies gradually increased with increasing the solution concentration. Fabric treated with 5g per litre of Aloe vera exhibited a high level of anti-microbial activity.5g/l Aloe vera treated cotton bleached fabric showed 15 and 17mm zone of inhibition against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) respectively by agar diffusion method. How-ever, Aloe vera treated fabric exhibited more than 70% of its initial antibacterial property even after 20 washing, some study shown that anti-bacterial Journal of Polymers and the Environment 1 3and anti-fungal activities of Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric. The bacterial and fungal reduction percentages of the treated fabric were found to be 75, 80 and 81%, against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. The acemannan, anthraquinone, and salicylic acid components of Aloe vera extract may be the basis for its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric showed a clear zone of inhibition against S. aureus bacteria, but no zone of inhibition was found in an untreated sample, combined application of Aloe vera and Neem extracts on cotton fabric showed excellent antimicrobial properties against E. coli and Aspergillus Niger, as compared to the application of either Aloe vera or Neem extracts alone. 40% Aloe vera gel concentration showed a higher zone of inhibition, of about 29 and 23mm, respectively, com-pared, to 20% gel treated fabric, at 19 and 17mm, respectively, against S. aureus and E. coli, Cosmetic Textiles (Cosmetotextiles), Textiles can possess skincare properties; they are called cosmetotextiles. Cosmetotextiles are textiles which contain carriers with active substances, these carriers, generally by polymeric nature release their active compounds when in contact with the human body. To obtain cosmetotextiles one strategy is to employ the microencapsulation technique. Microencapsulation can be used in the application of fragrances, skin softeners substances, phase-change materials (that help the thermoregulation of the body), anti-microbial agents and drug delivery systems among others A new terminology, so-called cosmetic textiles, has now opened up new target groups and sustainable markets in the textile industry. Cosmetic textiles, an industry that has grown along with consumer interest in wellness and well-being, currently includes a wide range of microencapsulated ingredients such as Aloe vera, vitamin E, retinol, and ca?eine, said to o?er moisturizing, ?rming, or slimming bene?ts. Cosmetic textiles indicate the functional textiles, especially garments, underwear which comes in direct contact with the skin through the process of microencapsulation. Cosmetic textiles currently o?ered on the market claim to be moisturizing, perfumed, cellulite reducing and body slimming, skin softeners sprayed, phase change agents, drug delivery system, antimicrobial agents, Upon contact with skin, skin-caring ?brous materials are designed to transfer an active substance for cosmetic purposes. The thought is accomplished by basically giving the bioactive agents into wearable textiles so that with the normal movement of the body, the skin is gradually supplemented and revived. Another important issue for cosmetic textiles is biological safety. The biological safety means, the cosmetic textiles did not release any toxic ingredients to the human skin, cosmetic textile agent containing Aloe vera for skin-caring bene?ts for the development of cosmetic textiles by microencapsulation technique. Cosmetic textile agent treated textile materials did not cause any deaths of cells in the cytotoxicity test, indicating that it was non-cytotoxic to the ?broblast cell line (NIH-3T3). In addition, formaldehyde content was not found in the cosmetic textiles. Hence, both the cosmetic textile agent and cosmetic textiles are believed biologically safe to consumers cosmetotextiles impregned with aloe vera microcapsules help to improving elasticity of the skin , slimming, improving fitness of the skin, moisturizing effect, Aloe vera Based Composite for Foods Packaging Active, bio-friendly and natural-based materials are one of the innovative concepts in the ?eld of research on packaging materials. The development of systems involving the employment of completely biodegradable polymers and natural bioactive components is currently a major challenge for plastic processing plants and packaging manufacturers. Due to its antimicrobial components, such an active packaging material can be an e?ective way to protect food or other perishable products against accelerated biodegradation caused by the activity of microorganisms that colonize the product surface. Novel biodegradable composites based on starch modi?ed with chitosan, Aloe vera gel and glycerol as a plasticizer with reproducible properties were obtained. Films with Aloe vera gel gain increased resistance to microbial activity, which is bene?cial for packaging applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Such materials will be able to provide a longer shelf life or usability of packaged products; and as they are made of completely biodegradable materials, they do not pose a threat to the natural environment. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) of Aloe vera based ?lms showed a signi?cant increase with increasing Aloe vera content in the blend for all ?lms prepared. The edible ?lms produced had the desirable properties of a soft surface, clear, transparent, homogenous and are ?exible. Thus, the edible ?lm formed from Aloe vera with the incorporation of cinnamon oil met the essential requirements for application on fruits and vegetables. The ?ndings of this study are bene?cial to farmers, retailers, and consumers as the edible ?lms can replace the synthetic coatings that have raised many controversies on food safety. Edible ?lms composite prepared from Aloe vera gel, beeswax and chitosan. These ?lms exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower water vapor permeability. In addition, cost analysis of the ?lms proved them reasonable to be used as an alternate of synthetic packaging materials. Starch-based edible ?lms containing Aloe vera showed excellent antifungal properties with six fungi causing plant diseases and controlling the weight loss of tomatoes. This natural, biodegradable, nontoxic ?lm can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for preservation for fruits and vegetables. UV Resistivity of Aloe vera Treated Fabric, the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is higher than that of X-rays. The range of UV radiation is 41nm to 400nm with energy level from 3 to 124eV. The UV rays ranges are di?erentiated into three categories: UV-A (320 to 400nm); UV-B (290 to 320) nm; and UV-C (200 to 290) nm. UV-C rays are safe for human beings. UV-C rays do not reach the Earth because these rays are absorbed in the ozone layer of the atmosphere. UV-B rays are harmful to human skin, as these rays reach the Earth without absorption, but UV-A rays are more dangerous to human skin. the UV-protection properties of Aloe-anthraquinone-treated cotton fabric. The modi?ed Aloe-anthraquinone- treated cotton fabrics have been shown to have good anti-ultraviolet protection proper-ties and the UV transmittance value of modi?ed fabric is very low compared with that of the untreated sample. The Aloe-anthraquinone, ?xed on to the fabrics surface, might completely absorb UV radiation. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of Aloe-anthraquinone-modi?ed cotton fabric was approximately 57, but the UPF value of untreated cotton fabric was 14. Bleached cotton fabric was shown to have the greatest transmittance value. Note that the higher the UV transmittance value, the greater the health risk. The transmittance value of Aloe vera-treated fabric is lower than that of untreated cotton fabric. This indicates that the UV protection capacity of Aloe vera-treated fabric was greater than that of bleached cotton fabric. UV resistivity of Aloe vera treated fabric. The polyphenols of Aloe vera may help to block and absorb the UV rays. The UPF rating of Aloe vera treated fabric was eight times higher than that of untreated fabric. Improved UPF value was also found after treating the reactive dyed cotton fabric with Aloe vera. Aloe vera in Textile Wet Processing, A huge amount of inorganic chemicals are used in pretreatment-dyeing, printing and ?nishing of textiles, to meet customer demand. However, the use of these chemicals produces a huge amount of e?uent. To protect the environment from this water pollution, researchers have been trying to use eco-friendly products like Aloe vera instead of inorganic chemicals for these purposes. Aloe vera is suitable for such pretreatment because it contains a large number of enzymes, salt and gummy substances which are essential for textile wet processing. A bio scouring process of single jersey knitted fabric with a
Author: Md.Ibrahim H. Mondal · Joykrisna Saha Md. Ashadur Rahman
Aloe vera are extensively used to prepare the di?erent types of textile composite which are involved in the ?eld of wound healing, tissue engineering, medical textile, health care textiles, curative garments, cosmetotextiles, UV protective textiles, wearable electronic textiles and so on. Aloe vera is used in pre-treatment and printing due to its succulent enzymatic and gummy characteristics. Aloe gel also contains a salty substance that allows its use in natural, eco-friendly dyeing. application of Aloe vera to textiles for therapeutic purposes, for an anti-bacterial and for UV protection, in wet processing and manufacture of cosmetics, as well as in high technology industries. We also consider the use of Aloe vera in textiles for the capture of free radicals. Anti?microbial Efficacy of Aloe vera in Textile Manufacture, Anti-microbial textile materials play a vital and crucial role, not only in the health care and medical sectors but also in hotel administration, in homes and in other environments where hygiene is required. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes are always present in our environment. Microbes include a wide range of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses, which cause disease. New strains of bacteria and viruses always appear, making the disease more likely. Microorganisms are everywhere in hospitals, being emitted by sick people. In hospitals, surgical gowns and masks, surgical head ware and foot ware, surgical drapes, bed sheet, bedding, towels, and the clothing of all the people present in the hospital, can carry microorganisms, and thus spread disease. For all these situations, textiles with anti-microbial properties are needed. Massive proliferation of microbes was found on the untreated cotton surface. But a remarkable decline in S. aureus microbial adhesion was observed on the Aloe vera- treated cotton fabric. The Aloe vera gel contains active components that act as an e?ective bactericidal agent on the fabric and hinder the growth of S. aureus gram-positive bacteria. Microbes were visible on the untreated cotton surface. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric contained fewer microbes than untreated fabric. Aloe vera-treated cotton exhibited excellent anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Aloe vera treated cotton fabric shows more resistivity against microbes and no propagation was found in the sur-rounding treated fabric surface. It is assumed that Aloe vera bleeds di?erent components from the treated fabric which are responsible for inhibition and kills the microbes, Aloe anthraquinone was applied to the cotton fabric and its antibacterial e?cacy tested against E. coli and S. aureus. Antifungal e?cacy testing has also been carried out for C. albicans. The Aloe anthraquinone-modi?ed fabric showed better antibacterial properties than the untreated sample. Almost 91% of bacterial inhibition was found for treated fabric against both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Furthermore, fungi reduction was found up to 69% for C. albicans. C. albicans showed a lower inhibition rate than did E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. This is attributable to the cationic nature of Aloe anthraquinone, which adsorbs the anions of the bacterial cell wall and cracks the peptide polysaccharides quickly. On the other hand, the fungi cell wall is made of amylase, which is di?erent from the walls of bacteria Testing of the antimicrobial e?ciency of the untreated and Aloe vera-treated fabric was performed by a quantitative method. Di?erent solution concentrations, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5g/l of Aloe vera gel were applied to the fabric. The bacterial reduction rate of Aloe veras ?nished fabric varied with the concentration of Aloe vera. The reduction rates of bacteria colonies gradually increased with increasing the solution concentration. Fabric treated with 5g per litre of Aloe vera exhibited a high level of anti-microbial activity.5g/l Aloe vera treated cotton bleached fabric showed 15 and 17mm zone of inhibition against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) respectively by agar diffusion method. How-ever, Aloe vera treated fabric exhibited more than 70% of its initial antibacterial property even after 20 washing, some study shown that anti-bacterial Journal of Polymers and the Environment 1 3and anti-fungal activities of Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric. The bacterial and fungal reduction percentages of the treated fabric were found to be 75, 80 and 81%, against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. The acemannan, anthraquinone, and salicylic acid components of Aloe vera extract may be the basis for its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric showed a clear zone of inhibition against S. aureus bacteria, but no zone of inhibition was found in an untreated sample, combined application of Aloe vera and Neem extracts on cotton fabric showed excellent antimicrobial properties against E. coli and Aspergillus Niger, as compared to the application of either Aloe vera or Neem extracts alone. 40% Aloe vera gel concentration showed a higher zone of inhibition, of about 29 and 23mm, respectively, com-pared, to 20% gel treated fabric, at 19 and 17mm, respectively, against S. aureus and E. coli, Cosmetic Textiles (Cosmetotextiles), Textiles can possess skincare properties; they are called cosmetotextiles. Cosmetotextiles are textiles which contain carriers with active substances, these carriers, generally by polymeric nature release their active compounds when in contact with the human body. To obtain cosmetotextiles one strategy is to employ the microencapsulation technique. Microencapsulation can be used in the application of fragrances, skin softeners substances, phase-change materials (that help the thermoregulation of the body), anti-microbial agents and drug delivery systems among others A new terminology, so-called cosmetic textiles, has now opened up new target groups and sustainable markets in the textile industry. Cosmetic textiles, an industry that has grown along with consumer interest in wellness and well-being, currently includes a wide range of microencapsulated ingredients such as Aloe vera, vitamin E, retinol, and ca?eine, said to o?er moisturizing, ?rming, or slimming bene?ts. Cosmetic textiles indicate the functional textiles, especially garments, underwear which comes in direct contact with the skin through the process of microencapsulation. Cosmetic textiles currently o?ered on the market claim to be moisturizing, perfumed, cellulite reducing and body slimming, skin softeners sprayed, phase change agents, drug delivery system, antimicrobial agents, Upon contact with skin, skin-caring ?brous materials are designed to transfer an active substance for cosmetic purposes. The thought is accomplished by basically giving the bioactive agents into wearable textiles so that with the normal movement of the body, the skin is gradually supplemented and revived. Another important issue for cosmetic textiles is biological safety. The biological safety means, the cosmetic textiles did not release any toxic ingredients to the human skin, cosmetic textile agent containing Aloe vera for skin-caring bene?ts for the development of cosmetic textiles by microencapsulation technique. Cosmetic textile agent treated textile materials did not cause any deaths of cells in the cytotoxicity test, indicating that it was non-cytotoxic to the ?broblast cell line (NIH-3T3). In addition, formaldehyde content was not found in the cosmetic textiles. Hence, both the cosmetic textile agent and cosmetic textiles are believed biologically safe to consumers cosmetotextiles impregned with aloe vera microcapsules help to improving elasticity of the skin , slimming, improving fitness of the skin, moisturizing effect, Aloe vera Based Composite for Foods Packaging Active, bio-friendly and natural-based materials are one of the innovative concepts in the ?eld of research on packaging materials. The development of systems involving the employment of completely biodegradable polymers and natural bioactive components is currently a major challenge for plastic processing plants and packaging manufacturers. Due to its antimicrobial components, such an active packaging material can be an e?ective way to protect food or other perishable products against accelerated biodegradation caused by the activity of microorganisms that colonize the product surface. Novel biodegradable composites based on starch modi?ed with chitosan, Aloe vera gel and glycerol as a plasticizer with reproducible properties were obtained. Films with Aloe vera gel gain increased resistance to microbial activity, which is bene?cial for packaging applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Such materials will be able to provide a longer shelf life or usability of packaged products; and as they are made of completely biodegradable materials, they do not pose a threat to the natural environment. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) of Aloe vera based ?lms showed a signi?cant increase with increasing Aloe vera content in the blend for all ?lms prepared. The edible ?lms produced had the desirable properties of a soft surface, clear, transparent, homogenous and are ?exible. Thus, the edible ?lm formed from Aloe vera with the incorporation of cinnamon oil met the essential requirements for application on fruits and vegetables. The ?ndings of this study are bene?cial to farmers, retailers, and consumers as the edible ?lms can replace the synthetic coatings that have raised many controversies on food safety. Edible ?lms composite prepared from Aloe vera gel, beeswax and chitosan. These ?lms exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower water vapor permeability. In addition, cost analysis of the ?lms proved them reasonable to be used as an alternate of synthetic packaging materials. Starch-based edible ?lms containing Aloe vera showed excellent antifungal properties with six fungi causing plant diseases and controlling the weight loss of tomatoes. This natural, biodegradable, nontoxic ?lm can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for preservation for fruits and vegetables. UV Resistivity of Aloe vera Treated Fabric, the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is higher than that of X-rays. The range of UV radiation is 41nm to 400nm with energy level from 3 to 124eV. The UV rays ranges are di?erentiated into three categories: UV-A (320 to 400nm); UV-B (290 to 320) nm; and UV-C (200 to 290) nm. UV-C rays are safe for human beings. UV-C rays do not reach the Earth because these rays are absorbed in the ozone layer of the atmosphere. UV-B rays are harmful to human skin, as these rays reach the Earth without absorption, but UV-A rays are more dangerous to human skin. the UV-protection properties of Aloe-anthraquinone-treated cotton fabric. The modi?ed Aloe-anthraquinone- treated cotton fabrics have been shown to have good anti-ultraviolet protection proper-ties and the UV transmittance value of modi?ed fabric is very low compared with that of the untreated sample. The Aloe-anthraquinone, ?xed on to the fabrics surface, might completely absorb UV radiation. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of Aloe-anthraquinone-modi?ed cotton fabric was approximately 57, but the UPF value of untreated cotton fabric was 14. Bleached cotton fabric was shown to have the greatest transmittance value. Note that the higher the UV transmittance value, the greater the health risk. The transmittance value of Aloe vera-treated fabric is lower than that of untreated cotton fabric. This indicates that the UV protection capacity of Aloe vera-treated fabric was greater than that of bleached cotton fabric. UV resistivity of Aloe vera treated fabric. The polyphenols of Aloe vera may help to block and absorb the UV rays. The UPF rating of Aloe vera treated fabric was eight times higher than that of untreated fabric. Improved UPF value was also found after treating the reactive dyed cotton fabric with Aloe vera. Aloe vera in Textile Wet Processing, A huge amount of inorganic chemicals are used in pretreatment-dyeing, printing and ?nishing of textiles, to meet customer demand. However, the use of these chemicals produces a huge amount of e?uent. To protect the environment from this water pollution, researchers have been trying to use eco-friendly products like Aloe vera instead of inorganic chemicals for these purposes. Aloe vera is suitable for such pretreatment because it contains a large number of enzymes, salt and gummy substances which are essential for textile wet processing. A bio scouring process of single jersey knitted fabric with a lipase enzyme extracted from the Aloe vera plant. The lipase enzyme was applied to 100% cotton knitted fabric at various concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) at various temperatures (40″C, 60″C and 70″C) for 30 min, 60 min and 90min. Bio-scoured fabrics, using the Aloe vera extract, showed better dye levels, better dye uptake, better light fastness, better wash fastness, and better-rubbing fastness for dark reactive colors than did conventionally scoured fabric. Bio-scouring reduced the volume of e?uent as well as COD, TDS and pH and saved a substantial amount of thermal energy (50%) and electrical energy (40%). Bio-scouring wastewater has 4050% less COD and 60% fewer TDS than conventional-scouring wastewater does, Desizing, Desizing process using Aloe vera gel instead of inorganic chemicals. Aloe gel contains many important enzymes and organic components like peroxidase, carboxypeptidase, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase. The aloe gel showed outstanding results for desizing with controlled temperature and ph. Firstly, the active enzyme of Aloe vera enters into the substrate and forms chemical bonds with the substrate. The enzyme acts as a catalyst and forms an unstable middle compound with the substrate, called an enzymesubstrate-complex by a lock and key mechanism. Later, the catalyst weakened the bonds between the substrate and the sizing materials. Consequently, the sizing ingredients were separated from the substrate. Dyeing, The natural dyeing processes. Aloe vera consists of salt, acid, enzymes, and many components that are essential to the dyeing process. During the dyeing process, Aloe vera gel was used instead of salt in a reactive dyeing process. The garment developed di?erent several depths of shade, according to the di?erent concentrations of Aloe gel used. In the dyeing bath, fabric treated with 100% Aloe gel developed an excellent depth of shade. But lower concentrations of Aloe vera gel showed more-dull shades. At 80% and 60% concentrations of Aloe vera in dyeing, the fabric showed a medium and dull depth of shade, respectively. These results can be explained by noting that a high concentration of Aloe vera contains more salt than dye does. This higher salt content increases the depth of color. However, using Aloe gel did not damage the wash fastness, tearing strength or drapability of the fabric. Aloe vera leaf also used as a natural dye and mordanting agent. The leaf can be easily applied to protein-cationic ?bers like silk and wool, due to their functional amino group in an acidic medium. Aloe vera leaves are not suitable for dyeing of cotton ?bre, however, because cotton contains an anionic group. Printing, Aloe vera gel is used in the printing process as a thickener in the reactive and pigment-printing process. Water-soluble Aloe vera gel is one of the cheaper sources of natural thickener, which contains polysaccharide and poly-mannose. Due to the thickening nature of the polysaccharide, Aloe vera gel has been used as a thickener recently. In the concentration of 3040% Aloe gel and 2% binder, used in printing as a thickener, the gel showed excellent results. When Aloe gel and synthetic thickener were applied to fabric for printing, the gel showed similar results to the synthetic in wash fastness and colorfastness. Using Aloe vera gel as a printing paste is easy to prepare and preserve. Aloe gel is eco-friendly, economically cheap (as it is found everywhere) and easy to cultivate. When Aloe vera was applied to fabric, the fabric showed low viscosity and poor sharpness. On the other hand, when the Aloe vera gel was combined with sodium alginate, containing a 50% concentration of gel and chemical, the treated fabric showed high viscosity and high sharpness evaluated the printing of cotton fabric with reactive dye using Aloe vera gel as the printing thickener. They applied Aloe gel as a thickener on cotton fabric and got excellent wash fastness and lightfastness. Effect of Aloe vera Treatment on Physical Properties of Textiles, When Aloe vera is applied to the fabric to develop its anti-microbial, antioxidant and wound healing properties, physical properties like crease recovery angle, bending length, drape co-e?cient and strength also change. The Aloe vera ?nished fabric had a higher crease recovery angle (CRA), a higher bending length and a lower whiteness index, com-pared to untreated fabric. The Aloe vera-treated fabric also loses its tensile strength, measured at only 44%. Bending length of Aloe vera treated fabric decreases as does sti?-ness but softness increases. Also, the coe?cient of static and dynamic ?ction increases even though the whiteness index slightly decreases. The Aloe anthraquinone modified fabrics showed improved wrinkle recovery angle, although breaking strength slightly decreased. The moisture adsorption of fabrics was almost unchanged compared to the control sample, the physical properties of Aloe vera treated textiles. They found that the white-ness index, air permeability and tensile strength decreased but water vapor permeability and crease recovery angle increased, respectively. Meanwhile, the Aloe vera treatment did not show any detrimental e?ect on the abrasion resistance of ?nished fabric but thermal conductivity decreased slightly. After treatment of cotton fabric by Aloe vera, crease recovery and abrasion resistance increased, but moisture regain, breaking strength and ?exural rigidity decreased when compared to control fabric. The drape co-e?cient of Aloe vera treated printed fabric decreased and the fabric became softer. The air resistance of Aloe vera-treated fabric was increased when compared to the control cotton fabric. The decrease in air permeability was possibly due to the impregnation of cotton fabric with microcapsules. The coated microcapsules would ?ll the gap between yarns. As a result, air?ow did not pass easily through the fabric. Also, the treatment decreased the whiteness value of the fabric by about 4%. Silk is a natural protein ?bre, which is the main source of microorganisms. Silk fabric is very soft, and its appearance is also excellent. But, in damp weather, silk is attacked by microbes. To protect the fabric from microbes, Aloe vera treatment is essential. However, such treatment produced a 3040% loss in strength. Aloe vera are extensively used to prepare the di?erent types of textile composite which are involved in the ?eld of wound healing, tissue engineering, medical textile, health care textiles, curative garments, cosmetotextiles, UV protective textiles, wearable electronic textiles and so on. Aloe vera is used in pre-treatment and printing due to its succulent enzymatic and gummy characteristics. Aloe gel also contains a salty substance that allows its use in natural, eco-friendly dyeing. application of Aloe vera to textiles for therapeutic purposes, for an anti-bacterial and for UV protection, in wet processing and manufacture of cosmetics, as well as in high technology industries. We also consider the use of Aloe vera in textiles for the capture of free radicals. Anti?microbial Efficacy of Aloe vera in Textile Manufacture, Anti-microbial textile materials play a vital and crucial role, not only in the health care and medical sectors but also in hotel administration, in homes and in other environments where hygiene is required. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes are always present in our environment. Microbes include a wide range of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses, which cause disease. New strains of bacteria and viruses always appear, making the disease more likely. Microorganisms are everywhere in hospitals, being emitted by sick people. In hospitals, surgical gowns and masks, surgical head ware and foot ware, surgical drapes, bed sheet, bedding, towels, and the clothing of all the people present in the hospital, can carry microorganisms, and thus spread disease. For all these situations, textiles with anti-microbial properties are needed. Massive proliferation of microbes was found on the untreated cotton surface. But a remarkable decline in S. aureus microbial adhesion was observed on the Aloe vera- treated cotton fabric. The Aloe vera gel contains active components that act as an e?ective bactericidal agent on the fabric and hinder the growth of S. aureus gram-positive bacteria. Microbes were visible on the untreated cotton surface. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric contained fewer microbes than untreated fabric. Aloe vera-treated cotton exhibited excellent anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Aloe vera treated cotton fabric shows more resistivity against microbes and no propagation was found in the sur-rounding treated fabric surface. It is assumed that Aloe vera bleeds di?erent components from the treated fabric which are responsible for inhibition and kills the microbes, Aloe anthraquinone was applied to the cotton fabric and its antibacterial e?cacy tested against E. coli and S. aureus. Antifungal e?cacy testing has also been carried out for C. albicans. The Aloe anthraquinone-modi?ed fabric showed better antibacterial properties than the untreated sample. Almost 91% of bacterial inhibition was found for treated fabric against both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Furthermore, fungi reduction was found up to 69% for C. albicans. C. albicans showed a lower inhibition rate than did E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. This is attributable to the cationic nature of Aloe anthraquinone, which adsorbs the anions of the bacterial cell wall and cracks the peptide polysaccharides quickly. On the other hand, the fungi cell wall is made of amylase, which is di?erent from the walls of bacteria Testing of the antimicrobial e?ciency of the untreated and Aloe vera-treated fabric was performed by a quantitative method. Di?erent solution concentrations, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5g/l of Aloe vera gel were applied to the fabric. The bacterial reduction rate of Aloe veras ?nished fabric varied with the concentration of Aloe vera. The reduction rates of bacteria colonies gradually increased with increasing the solution concentration. Fabric treated with 5g per litre of Aloe vera exhibited a high level of anti-microbial activity.5g/l Aloe vera treated cotton bleached fabric showed 15 and 17mm zone of inhibition against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) respectively by agar diffusion method. How-ever, Aloe vera treated fabric exhibited more than 70% of its initial antibacterial property even after 20 washing, some study shown that anti-bacterial Journal of Polymers and the Environment 1 3and anti-fungal activities of Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric. The bacterial and fungal reduction percentages of the treated fabric were found to be 75, 80 and 81%, against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. The acemannan, anthraquinone, and salicylic acid components of Aloe vera extract may be the basis for its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Aloe vera-treated cotton fabric showed a clear zone of inhibition against S. aureus bacteria, but no zone of inhibition was found in an untreated sample, combined application of Aloe vera and Neem extracts on cotton fabric showed excellent antimicrobial properties against E. coli and Aspergillus Niger, as compared to the application of either Aloe vera or Neem extracts alone. 40% Aloe vera gel concentration showed a higher zone of inhibition, of about 29 and 23mm, respectively, com-pared, to 20% gel treated fabric, at 19 and 17mm, respectively, against S. aureus and E. coli, Cosmetic Textiles (Cosmetotextiles), Textiles can possess skincare properties; they are called cosmetotextiles. Cosmetotextiles are textiles which contain carriers with active substances, these carriers, generally by polymeric nature release their active compounds when in contact with the human body. To obtain cosmetotextiles one strategy is to employ the microencapsulation technique. Microencapsulation can be used in the application of fragrances, skin softeners substances, phase-change materials (that help the thermoregulation of the body), anti-microbial agents and drug delivery systems among others A new terminology, so-called cosmetic textiles, has now opened up new target groups and sustainable markets in the textile industry. Cosmetic textiles, an industry that has grown along with consumer interest in wellness and well-being, currently includes a wide range of microencapsulated ingredients such as Aloe vera, vitamin E, retinol, and ca?eine, said to o?er moisturizing, ?rming, or slimming bene?ts. Cosmetic textiles indicate the functional textiles, especially garments, underwear which comes in direct contact with the skin through the process of microencapsulation. Cosmetic textiles currently o?ered on the market claim to be moisturizing, perfumed, cellulite reducing and body slimming, skin softeners sprayed, phase change agents, drug delivery system, antimicrobial agents, Upon contact with skin, skin-caring ?brous materials are designed to transfer an active substance for cosmetic purposes. The thought is accomplished by basically giving the bioactive agents into wearable textiles so that with the normal movement of the body, the skin is gradually supplemented and revived. Another important issue for cosmetic textiles is biological safety. The biological safety means, the cosmetic textiles did not release any toxic ingredients to the human skin, cosmetic textile agent containing Aloe vera for skin-caring bene?ts for the development of cosmetic textiles by microencapsulation technique. Cosmetic textile agent treated textile materials did not cause any deaths of cells in the cytotoxicity test, indicating that it was non-cytotoxic to the ?broblast cell line (NIH-3T3). In addition, formaldehyde content was not found in the cosmetic textiles. Hence, both the cosmetic textile agent and cosmetic textiles are believed biologically safe to consumers cosmetotextiles impregned with aloe vera microcapsules help to improving elasticity of the skin , slimming, improving fitness of the skin, moisturizing effect, Aloe vera Based Composite for Foods Packaging Active, bio-friendly and natural-based materials are one of the innovative concepts in the ?eld of research on packaging materials. The development of systems involving the employment of completely biodegradable polymers and natural bioactive components is currently a major challenge for plastic processing plants and packaging manufacturers. Due to its antimicrobial components, such an active packaging material can be an e?ective way to protect food or other perishable products against accelerated biodegradation caused by the activity of microorganisms that colonize the product surface. Novel biodegradable composites based on starch modi?ed with chitosan, Aloe vera gel and glycerol as a plasticizer with reproducible properties were obtained. Films with Aloe vera gel gain increased resistance to microbial activity, which is bene?cial for packaging applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Such materials will be able to provide a longer shelf life or usability of packaged products; and as they are made of completely biodegradable materials, they do not pose a threat to the natural environment. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) of Aloe vera based ?lms showed a signi?cant increase with increasing Aloe vera content in the blend for all ?lms prepared. The edible ?lms produced had the desirable properties of a soft surface, clear, transparent, homogenous and are ?exible. Thus, the edible ?lm formed from Aloe vera with the incorporation of cinnamon oil met the essential requirements for application on fruits and vegetables. The ?ndings of this study are bene?cial to farmers, retailers, and consumers as the edible ?lms can replace the synthetic coatings that have raised many controversies on food safety. Edible ?lms composite prepared from Aloe vera gel, beeswax and chitosan. These ?lms exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower water vapor permeability. In addition, cost analysis of the ?lms proved them reasonable to be used as an alternate of synthetic packaging materials. Starch-based edible ?lms containing Aloe vera showed excellent antifungal properties with six fungi causing plant diseases and controlling the weight loss of tomatoes. This natural, biodegradable, nontoxic ?lm can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for preservation for fruits and vegetables. UV Resistivity of Aloe vera Treated Fabric, the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is higher than that of X-rays. The range of UV radiation is 41nm to 400nm with energy level from 3 to 124eV. The UV rays ranges are di?erentiated into three categories: UV-A (320 to 400nm); UV-B (290 to 320) nm; and UV-C (200 to 290) nm. UV-C rays are safe for human beings. UV-C rays do not reach the Earth because these rays are absorbed in the ozone layer of the atmosphere. UV-B rays are harmful to human skin, as these rays reach the Earth without absorption, but UV-A rays are more dangerous to human skin. the UV-protection properties of Aloe-anthraquinone-treated cotton fabric. The modi?ed Aloe-anthraquinone- treated cotton fabrics have been shown to have good anti-ultraviolet protection proper-ties and the UV transmittance value of modi?ed fabric is very low compared with that of the untreated sample. The Aloe-anthraquinone, ?xed on to the fabrics surface, might completely absorb UV radiation. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of Aloe-anthraquinone-modi?ed cotton fabric was approximately 57, but the UPF value of untreated cotton fabric was 14. Bleached cotton fabric was shown to have the greatest transmittance value. Note that the higher the UV transmittance value, the greater the health risk. The transmittance value of Aloe vera-treated fabric is lower than that of untreated cotton fabric. This indicates that the UV protection capacity of Aloe vera-treated fabric was greater than that of bleached cotton fabric. UV resistivity of Aloe vera treated fabric. The polyphenols of Aloe vera may help to block and absorb the UV rays. The UPF rating of Aloe vera treated fabric was eight times higher than that of untreated fabric. Improved UPF value was also found after treating the reactive dyed cotton fabric with Aloe vera. Aloe vera in Textile Wet Processing, A huge amount of inorganic chemicals are used in pretreatment-dyeing, printing and ?nishing of textiles, to meet customer demand. However, the use of these chemicals produces a huge amount of e?uent. To protect the environment from this water pollution, researchers have been trying to use eco-friendly products like Aloe vera instead of inorganic chemicals for these purposes. Aloe vera is suitable for such pretreatment because it contains a large number of enzymes, salt and gummy substances which are essential for textile wet processing. A bio scouring process of single jersey knitted fabric with a
